It is inevitable that the future becomes the present, more up to us again the best. (Mauricio Coronado 2010)
Public goods tend to be sub produced from individual initiative. The cause of this is the incentive not to cooperate in its provision but enjoy its benefits, since by definition a public good is not excludable and non rival. Then, the individual interest group does not lead to the maximization of collective welfare. A classic example of this strategy is the financial support for a project such as maintenance of a water supply system. That action, limited in time and space, subject to the vulnerability of environmental degradation requires a comprehensive management is often not implemented. According to international agencies like the UN and the World Bank, the lack of financial resources is the main reason that millions of humans continue to live in deplorable conditions and even deprived of water.
Mexico is considered a country with low availability of water rights. It is estimated that in 2005 we had 4.573 m3 per capita, an amount considerably less than we had in 1910 where the average amount was 31.000 m3. It is estimated that by 2030 we will have only 3.783 m3 per year per inhabitant. Moreover, in 2009 the Cutzamala system, the source largest water supply in the Federal District, reached the lowest level storage since its inception in 1972. And quite apart from natural conditions, users do not pay for the service. It costs 10 billion dollars a year to bring water to the capital, but only collected 4 000 500 million for rights to supply.
In a survey of citizens Universal newspaper in Mexico City, asked about water rates, 7 out of 10 capital city disagreed with the increase of the same, although 9 out of 10 thought that in the future would be problems with supply and 50% of people felt that the authorities are responsible for solving the problem. According to results of experimental economics, communication is the most effective institution to promote cooperation, but their effectiveness requires the construction of social preconditions (trust, social participation, etc.).. The various authorities implement these results with awareness campaigns, however, is not enough. Also there was talk of rising rates, but the fact that the rise does not mean that people pay, nor reduce their daily consumption of water and thus mitigate the exploitation of it.
first thing you should do is to implement a coordination mechanism for raising the probability that users pay for the service, then, if required, to increase prices. One mechanism that seems useful to pursue this as soon as the prepayment. However, the existing infrastructure, no such policy becomes viable, but at least in theory, to pay a certain amount of water, but you provide this, and nothing more, thus reducing the overexploitation of resources. Of course, this assuming that the free rider problem can be controlled (zero management of pipelines, among other things).
0 comments:
Post a Comment